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The 13 Original
American Colonies

Timeline events: Awakening Era

(1886) [Missionary Awakening](1886>), Geronimo surrenders, Labor protests in Haymarket Square in Chicago, American Fed. of Labor (led by Samuel Gompers) formed .
(1887) Congress establishes the Interstate Commerce Act, the Hatch Act establishes land grant colleges in each state, Melvile Dewey establishes the N.Y. State Library School to apply his new catalogue system,
(1888) Congress establishes the Department of Labor, Benjamin Harrison elected President , Walter Camp becomes Yale's football coach, John Philip Sousa composes "Semper Fidelis" for the Marines, "Casey at the Bat" first recited, William Burroughs patents an adding machine, incubators are first used for infants, George Eastman develops the hand held Kodak camera.
(1889) Oklahoma land rush, the Dakotas, Montana and Washington become states, the Wall Street Journal is established, the Johnstown Flood occurs when a dam bursts above the town, Nellie Bly takes her journey around the world.
(1890) Jacob Riis publishes "How the Other Half Lives" about NY slums, Idaho and Wyoming become states, ladybird beetles (ladybugs) imported from Australia to combat Orange tree scale, Louis Sullivan builds first skyscraper, Sequoia and Yosemite Parks established, Poems by Emily Dickenson published posthumously, Sherman Antitrust Act, Wounded Knee massacre, James Naismith invents basketball.
(1891) Congress creates the Circuit Court of Appeals, first Boston marathon, Westinghouse standardizes AC current at 60 cycles per second, the zipper is invented.
(1892) Grover Cleveland elected President again, Ellis Island opens, John Muir founds the Sierra Club, the Homestead strike, John L. Sullivan vs. Jim Corbett, farm and labor organize the "People's Party", George Ferris invents his "Wheel" for the Columbian Exposition, early electric and gasoline automobiles debut.
(1893) Professor Turner proclaims closing of the frontier , the Chicago Worlds Fair / Colombian Exposition, Hawaii proclaimed a U.S. protectorate, Katherine Lee Bates pens words to "America the Beautiful", L. C. Tiffany invents "favrile" glass style, Chlorine is first used to treat sewage in N.Y., Michelson standardizes the measurement of the meter as Congress defeats a measure to adopt the metric system.
(1894) the Pullman Strike, Congress passes first graduated Income Tax law, Lowell Observatory is built in Arizona
(1895) Supreme Court declares Income Tax unconstitutional, first US patent for gasoline powered automobile to Charles Duryea, Steven Crane publishes _The Red Badge of Courage_, first professional football game and the first US Open golf tournament
(1896) William Jennings Bryan delivers Cross of Gold speech , in Plessy v. Ferguson the Supreme Court establishes the "seperate but equal" precedent leading to segregation, William McKinley elected President, Sousa composes "The Stars and Stripes Forever", Utah becomes 45th state, the first Modern Olympics, gold discovered in the Klondike
(1897) the first subway in Boston, Katzenjammer Kids appears as first modern style cartoon strip,
(1898) America declares war on Spain precipitating the Spanish-American War, after winning battles against Spain in the Philippines, Guantanamo Bay and San Juan Hill in Cuba and Guam the Treaty of Paris is signed ending the Spanish-American War, Eugene Debs forms the U. S. Socialist Party, U. S. annexes Hawaii
(1899) US acquires Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico as treaty with Spain is ratified by Congress, U. S. annexes Wake Island and obtains control of Somoa, Scott Joplin popularizes Ragtime with "The Maple Leaf Rag",
(1900) William McKinley reelected President, US participates in the Boxer Rebellion in China, temperance advocate Carry Nation supports prohibition, Hawaii made a territory, AAA holds first auto show, L. Frank Baum pulishes _The Wonderful Wizard of Oz_, David Belasco adn John Long create "Madam Butterfly", Eastman Kodak introduces the Brownie camera, baseball's American League formed
(1901) William McKinley is assassinated and Theodore Roosevelt becomes the youngest President to serve, Walter Reed discovers mosquitoes carry yellow fever, oil is discovered in Texas, Hay-Pauncefote Treaty with Britain gives U. S. right to build and operate canal across Isthmus of Panama
(1902) Virgin Islands purchased from Denmark (the deal is not finalized until 1917), Census Bureau is established, Oregon becomes the first State to allow initiative and referendum, the Spooner Act authorizes building of Panama Canal, Owen Wister publishes _The Virginian_, Frank Lloyd Wright finishes the first of his "Prairie-style" homes, the first Tournament of Roses Parade
(1903) - Panama Republic formed and canal zone granted to US, Boston wins the first World Series, Jack London publishes _Call of the Wild_, Victor Herbert composes "Babes in Toyland", Kate Douglas Wiggin publishes _Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm_, a new medium emerges with the film "The Great Train Robbery", The Wright Brothers fly
(1904) Panama Canal approved, Teddy Roosevelt reelected, William Sidney Porter publishes _Cabbages and Kings_ under the pen name O. Henry
(1905) President Roosevelt awarded Nobel Peace prize (1906) for his efforts to settle Russo-Japanese War, IWW (wobblies) founded, Willa Cather publishes _The Troll Garden_, Percival Lowell predicts the existance of "Planet X" beyond Neptune
(1906) San Francisco Earthquake , meat packers protest Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle", subsequently the Meat Inspection Act is passed by Congress, O. Henry publishes _The Four Million_ which includes "The Gift of the Magi"
(1907) Second Hague Peace Conference upholds the Monroe Doctrine, Marines land in Honduras to protect U. S. interests against revolutionaries, Oklahoma becomes 46th state, Wm. James publishes "Pragmatism", General Electric introduces tungsten filiment lamp, Florenz Ziegfeld produces his first "Follies"
(1908) William Howard Taft elected President, Congress passes child labor law for Washington D.C., Oregon law limiting women's working hours upheld by Supreme Court, Henry Ford introduces the Model T
(1909) 16th Ammendment, allowing Income Tax, sent to states for ratification, NAACP founded

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